"I have used a wide variety of secondaries and Jackson ImmunoResearch has consistently been the best. The fluorophores are bright and stable and their selective (x reactivity removed) secondaries have always shown species specificity in multiple labeling."
Janet Duerr, Ohio University
Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein (PerCP) is a 35.5 kDa fluorescent peridinin-chlorophyll-protein complex isolated from dinoflagellates. Jackson ImmunoResearch offers the form found in Dinophyceae sp. It has a broad spectrum of excitation with the main peak at 482 nm, and a long Stokes shift to an emission peak at 677 nm. PerCP conjugates are large complexes suitable for cell surface labeling techniques such as flow cytometry.
PerCP is available conjugated to:
| Excitation Peak (nm) | Emission Peak (nm) | |
|---|---|---|
| Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein (PerCP) | many, 488 | 675 |
PerCP conjugates of highly adsorbed secondary antibodies are offered to label unconjugated primary antibodies, and PerCP-streptavidin is offered to label biotinylated primary or secondary antibodies (Figures 2 and 3). Two practical labeling protocols are possible with the products.
Compared with a single-step PerCP-conjugated primary antibody (Figure 1), about the same level of fluorescence is obtained with a two-step procedure using a biotinylated primary antibody and PerCP-conjugated streptavidin. A consistent, slightly higher signal is achieved by using an unconjugated primary antibody and PerCP-conjugated secondary antibody. Although three-step procedures are usually undesirable for flow cytometry, a somewhat greater amplification may be obtained with unconjugated primary antibody, biotinylated secondary antibody, and PerCP-conjugated streptavidin (Figure 2).
PerCP conjugates may be used alone or with Alexa Fluor® 488 (or FITC) and R-PE for one- to three-color analyses with a single-laser flow cytometer equipped with an argon laser emiting at 488 nm. Up to four-color analyses with low compensation are easily achieved by adding APC-conjugated antibodies with 633 or 635 nm excitation provided by a dual-laser flow cytometer (Figure 3).
Figure 1. Human peripheral lymphocytes were stained either directly with PerCP-conjugated anti-CD3 (orange) from BioLegend, or indirectly with biotin-conjugated anti-CD3 (B-D Pharmingen) and PerCP-streptavidin either from Jackson ImmunoResearch (blue), BioLegend (purple), or B-D Pharmingen (red). For further comparison, cells were stained with unconjugated anti-CD3 (B-D Pharmingen) and PerCP-conjugated secondary antibody from Jackson ImmunoResearch (green). Stained cells were analyzed in a dual-laser FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson).
Figure 2. Human peripheral lymphocytes were stained with unconjugated anti-CD3 (B-D Pharmingen) and PerCP-conjugated secondary antibody from Jackson ImmunoResearch (green), or with biotin-conjugated anti-CD3 (B-D Pharmingen) and PerCP-streptavidin from Jackson ImmunoResearch (blue). For further comparison, cells were stained with unconjugated anti-CD3 (B-D Pharmingen), biotinylated secondary antibody and PerCP-streptavidin from Jackson ImmunoResearch (red). Stained cells were analyzed in a dual-laser FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson)
Figure 3. Excitation spectra (left) for PerCP-(blue), Alexa Fluor® 488/FITC-(green), R-PE-(red), and APC-(brown) conjugated secondary antibodies from Jackson ImmunoResearch. Emission spectra (right) for Alexa Fluor® 488/FITC-(green), R-PE-(pink), APC-(brown), and PerCP-(purple) conjugated secondary antibodies from Jackson ImmunoResearch. Quantitative comparisons should not be made since peak heights have been normalized. All spectra were obtained with an M-Series spectrofluorometer system from Photon Technology International, Inc.
Use the spectra viewer below to compare PerCP with other fluorophores, along with instrument specifics (laser/filter) for suitability in your assay.
